Untreated tooth decay – what are the risks?

Tooth decay is one of the most common diseases of the oral cavity. If detected early, its treatment is quick, gentle and usually painless. However, untreated tooth decay can quickly become a serious problem that threatens not only the tooth, but also overall health.

What happens if tooth decay is left untreated?

Tooth decay starts inconspicuously – as a white spot or small black dot on the tooth. If left untreated, it progresses deeper:

1. Enamel decay – the initial stage, usually painless.
2. Decay in the dentine – sensitivity to sweet, cold or hot foods.
3. Decay in the dental pulp (nerve) – severe pain, endodontic treatment (root canal treatment) necessary.
4. Tooth loss – if the tooth cannot be saved, it must be extracted.

Risks to overall health

Untreated decay is not just a cosmetic problem. Bacteria from the tooth can enter the bloodstream and cause:

• Inflammation in the body (joints, kidneys, heart).
• Worsening of chronic diseases.
• Overall weakening of the immune system.

How can you tell if the problem is serious?

• The tooth hurts spontaneously or even at night.
• Swelling of the gums or cheeks occurs.
• There is an unpleasant odour from the mouth.
• The tooth is sensitive to biting and pressure.

In such cases, it is necessary to see a dentist immediately.

Prevention and early treatment

The best solution is to not let the decay go too far. The following may help:

• Regular and thorough oral hygiene.
• Regular visits to the dentist and dental hygienist.
• Limiting sweets and sweet drinks.
• Use of fluoride toothpaste.

Untreated tooth decay can lead not only to tooth loss, but also to serious health complications. The sooner decay is detected, the easier, cheaper and gentler the treatment. Do not delay your visit to the dentist – you will protect not only your smile, but also your overall health.