Complications during orthodontic treatment – what to watch out for

Braces are an effective means of correcting misaligned teeth and jaws. However, they also carry certain risks and possible complications that are important to be aware of before starting treatment. Timely information and proper care can prevent most problems.

The most common complications with braces

1. Pain and sensitivity

• After braces are fitted or wires are tightened, mild pain or pressure on the teeth often occurs, which usually subsides within a few days.
• Temporary sensitivity to hot, cold or hard foods is normal, but prolonged pain may indicate a problem.

2. Injury to the gums or mucous membrane

• Wires and metal components can irritate the gums, cheeks and tongue, especially at the beginning of treatment.
• The use of orthodontic wax and regular check-ups with your orthodontist will greatly alleviate these problems.

3. Damage to teeth

• Tooth decay or white spots may occur if hygiene is poor during treatment.
• Sometimes, enamel damage can occur if the braces are removed incorrectly.

4. Damage to or loosening of braces

• Wires and brackets can become loose or break off if the patient eats hard or sticky foods.
• A timely visit to the orthodontist allows for quick repairs and prevents treatment delays.

5. Changes in tooth position after treatment

• If retention devices are not used after the braces are removed, the teeth may return to their original position.
• Retention is key to the long-term success of treatment.

6. Rare but possible complications

• Allergic reactions to metal components (e.g. nickel).
• Problems with the jaw joint (temporomandibular dysfunction).
• Long-term sensitivity or damage to the roots of the teeth (very rare).

How to prevent complications

• Regular and thorough oral hygiene and dental hygiene.
• Follow your orthodontist's recommendations regarding diet and appliance care.
• Regular check-ups and adjustments to the braces.
• Use of retainers after treatment.